Nature’s
Reflections – Florida’s Live Oak
Category:
One of
the most majestic trees of the South
The
huge old Florida live oaks
(Quercus virginiana)
draped in Spanish moss,
are
among the most magnificently beautiful trees. Standing forty to fifty feet in
height, they grow in a variety of soils. These long-lived, pest-free trees are
among our most valuable and historic shade trees. The Spanish moss and
resurrection ferns grow on live oak branches but are not harmful to the trees.
Loved by some and disliked by others, these three plants have historically
grown together in harmony.
Many
of the largest live oaks are actually registered and thought to be more than
two hundred years old. As a native hardwood, the live oak ranks the heaviest –
weighing 55 pounds per cubic foot when air dry (75 pounds per cubic foot, fresh
weight). These trees are known for their resistance to disease and incredible
density. Periodic pruning helps to decrease the tremendous weight of the
branches and keeps the tree from splitting under its own weight.
Today,
the live oak is a prized shade tree. In past centuries, the trees were used to
build naval ships. In 1828, the United States set aside 1,300 acres of land in
the Florida Panhandle known as the Naval Live Oaks, which is now part of the
National Park Service. Among the ships constructed from live oaks were the
revolutionary privateer the Hancock, “Old Ironsides” herself – USS
Constitution, and the USS Constellation, built in the 1790s. The wood was also
used for: cart hubs, axles, screws and cogs of mill wheels, waterwheels and
pilings. The wood is attractive for use as furniture or flooring, but proves to
be too hard to work and finish easily.
When
planting, leave a lot of room for growth. The key is not to plant them too
close together, or in areas likely to suffer road, building or power line
construction.
In
January–February, live oaks shed their leaves when the old leaves are actually
pushed off by the new growth. Acorns mature in September through October,
average 390 per pound and germinate soon after falling. Acorns are favored by
all kinds of wildlife and are of great nutritional value to many birds and
mammals.
Column
& photos
by Sandi Staton –
